Interconnection network with a shared whiteboard: Impact of (a)synchronicity on computing power
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this work we study the computational power of graph-based models of distributed computing in which each node additionally has access to a global whiteboard. A node can read the contents of the whiteboard and, when activated, can write one message of O(logn) bits on it. A message is only based on the local knowledge of the node and the current content of the whiteboard. When the protocol terminates, each node computes the output based on the final contents of the whiteboard in order to answer some question on the network’s topology. We propose a framework to formally define several scenarios modelling how nodes access the whiteboard, in a synchronous way or not. This extends the work of Becker et al. [IPDPS 2011] where nodes were imposed to create their messages only based on their local knowledge (i.e., with the whiteboard empty). We prove that the four models studied have increasing power of computation: any problem that can be solved in the weakest one can be solved in the the second, and so on. Moreover, we exhibit problems that separate models, i.e., that can be solved in one model but not in a weaker one. These problems are related to Maximal Independent Set and detection of cycles. Finally we investigate problems related to connectivity as the construction of spanningor BFS-tree in our different models. Key-words: Distributed Computing, Communication Complexity, Asynchronism, Maximal Independent Set. ∗ Partially supported by programs Fondap and Basal-CMM (I.R., K.S.), Fondecyt 1090156 (I.R.), Anillo ACT88 and Fondecyt 11090390 (K.S), FP7 STREP EULER (N.N.) † LIFO, Universite d’Orléans, France ‡ LaBRI, INRIA Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, France. § MASCOTTE, INRIA, I3S(CNRS/Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis), France. ¶ Dpt. de Ingenierı́a Matemática and Centro de Modelamiento Matemático (UMI 2807 CNRS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. ‖ Facultad de Ingenierı́a y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile. ∗∗ Faculty of Applied Mathematics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland. in ria -0 06 27 91 0, v er si on 1 29 S ep 2 01 1 Réseaux d’interconnexion avec mémoire partagée: Impact de l’asynchronisme sur le pouvoir de calcul Résumé : Dans ce travaux, nous étudions le pouvoir de calcul de modèles de calcul distribué basés sur des graphes. Dans ces modèle, chaque sommet a accès à une zone de mémoire partagée, un tableau. Un sommet peut lire le contenu du tableau et, lorsqu’il est actif, il peut y écrire un message de O(logn) bits. Un message est basé sur la connaissance locale du sommet et sur le contenu courant du tableau. Lorsque le protocole se termine, chaque sommet doit être capable de calculer la réponse à une question sur la topologie du réseau, uniquement en se basant sur le contenu final du tableau. Nous proposons un cadre d’étude en définissant formellement plusieurs scenarii qui modélisent la façon dont les sommets accèdent au tableau, de manière synchrone ou non. Cet article généralise les travaux de Becker et al. [IPDPS 2011] dans lesquels les sommetsdevaient créer leurs messages en se basant uniquement sur leurs connaissances locales (lorsque le tableau est vide). Nous prouvons que les quatre modèles étudiés forment une hiérarchie avec un pouvoir de calcul croissant: chaque problème qui peut être résolu par le plus faible modèle peut l’être par le second modèle et ainsi de suite. De plus, nous décrivons des problèmes qui séparent les modèles, c’est-à-dire qui peuvent être résolus dans un des modèles mais pas dans un modèle plus faible. Les problèmes sont liés aux ensembles indépendent maximaux et à la détection de cycles. Pour finir, nous étudions dans les différents modèles des problèmes liés à la connexité comme la construction d’arbres couvrants et d’arbres BFS. Mots-clés : Calcul Distribué, Complexité de Communication, Asynchronisme, Ensemble indépendent maximal. in ria -0 06 27 91 0, v er si on 1 29 S ep 2 01 1 Interconnection network with a shared whiteboard 3
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- CoRR
دوره abs/1109.6534 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011